I’m going to start using this space to document my design process of various things. Starting with Ermine makes sense, as it’s my “biggest” design at the moment.
In 2024, my upcoming game Men of Iron Volume VII: Ermine was put onto the GMT p500, and reached its number relatively quickly. For those who don’t know, Men of Iron, created by Richard Berg is a hex and counter series of games focussed on medieval battles at the grand tactical scale.
Ermine covers a handful of smaller battles from the early stages of the Hundred Years' War. You’ve probably never heard of most of them - they’re all rather obscure and tend to be overshadowed by the likes of Poitiers, Crécy, and Agincourt. But they’re surprisingly varied and interesting in their own right.
These battles span the full range of classic Hundred Years' War encounters: from Morlaix, where a small English force of longbowmen in a defensive position managed to hold off -and arguably defeat - a much larger cavalry army; to a daring night attack at La Roche-Derrien, where a small, plucky group of mounted men-at-arms broke a siege, captured the enemy commander, and snatched victory; to the full-on pitched battle of Auray, which was a close-run thing and could have gone either way.
It’s been a really interesting process to design these battles as their own, independent scenarios, and I want to write a post detailing each of them individually. In the meantime though, here's a bit of a historical summary of the period, to give the subsequent posts a bit of context:
The War of the Breton Succession (1341–1364) was a dynastic conflict rooted in competing claims to the Duchy of Brittany following the death of Duke John III without issue. His half-brother, John de Montfort, asserted his right to the duchy against Joan of Penthièvre, supported by her husband Charles of Blois and the French crown. Hostilities opened with Montfort’s seizure of Champtoceaux in September 1341, but he was soon captured following a siege by royal forces. His wife, Joanna of Flanders, continued the resistance, rallying support from England. The arrival of English reinforcements led to the Battle of Morlaix (30 September 1342), where Anglo-Breton forces successfully repelled a larger Franco-Breton army through the use of field entrenchments and longbow fire, marking the conflict’s transformation into a broader Anglo-French proxy war.
Throughout the 1340s and 1350s, the war was punctuated by sieges and intermittent field engagements, with no side able to secure a decisive advantage. A turning point came at the Battle of La Roche-Derrien in 1347, where Charles of Blois was captured by English and Montfortist forces during a failed assault on the town, severely weakening his faction until his ransom in 1356. Meanwhile, the Battle of Mauron (14 August 1352) reinforced Montfortist momentum: English-led forces annihilated a larger Franco-Breton army, inflicting heavy casualties on the French nobility. Yet the conflict dragged on, and in 1364 French momentum revived after Bertrand du Guesclin’s victory at the Battle of Cocherel (16 May), where he defeated Navarrese-English forces in Normandy, allowing the French crown to refocus efforts on Brittany and emboldening Charles of Blois for a final push.
The war culminated in the decisive Battle of Auray on 29 September 1364. John de Montfort, now returned from English exile, laid siege to Auray, prompting Charles of Blois and Du Guesclin to attempt a relief. The Montfortist forces, well-positioned on high ground along the River L’och and reinforced by English contingents under John Chandos, repulsed the Franco-Breton attack. Charles of Blois was killed, and Du Guesclin taken prisoner. The defeat ended the Blois claim to the duchy, and the Treaty of Guérande (April 1365) recognised Montfort’s son as Duke John IV. Though the war resolved the immediate succession, it left Brittany politically fractured and firmly enmeshed in the wider struggles of the Hundred Years War.
Check out the game here if you’re interested: https://www.gmtgames.com/p-1153-ermine-men-of-iron-volume-vii.aspx